There are many kinds of ingredients in herbicides, which can be divided into the following categories according to their mechanism of action and chemical structure:
1. Organophosphorus herbicides
**Glufosinate ammonium
A broad-spectrum contact-killing herbicide with a chemical formula of C₅H₁₅N₂O₄P. It kills weeds by interfering with ammonium metabolism and photosynthesis in plants. It is suitable for weeding in non-arable land such as orchards and vineyards, and is effective against both grass and broadleaf weeds.
**Glyphosate
A systemic-transmitting herbicide that kills weeds by inhibiting amino acid synthesis. It needs to contact green tissue to take effect and is ineffective against unemerged weeds.
2. Sulfonylurea herbicides
**Nicosulfuron
Inhibits acetolactate synthase (ALS) and blocks amino acid synthesis in weeds. It is mainly used in corn fields and has significant effects on barnyard grass, foxtail grass, etc.
**Halosulfuron-methyl
Long-residue herbicide, absorbed through roots, stems and leaves, controls broadleaf weeds and sedges, suitable for crops such as wheat and corn.
3. Triazine herbicides
**Atrazine
Often combined with nicosulfuron (such as Huben herbicide), kills weeds by inhibiting photosynthesis, and is highly effective against annual weeds in corn fields.
4. HPPD inhibitor herbicides
**Mesotrione
Selective broad-spectrum herbicide, inhibits hydroxypyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), causing weeds to bleach and die, suitable for corn fields.
5. Other common ingredients
Pendimethalin, Metolachlor: soil treatment agents, control annual grass weeds.
Rimsulfuron: Used in corn fields, safe for subsequent crops.
Thifensulfuron: Post-emergence selective herbicide, suitable for wheat, soybeans, etc.
