The main ingredients of insecticides can be divided into the following categories according to their chemical structure and mechanism of action. The analysis is as follows combined with the search results:
1. Neonicotinoids (nitromethylene)
Representative ingredients: Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Dinotefuran
Features: Acts on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of the insect central nervous system, interferes with signal transduction, and causes paralysis and death. It has broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, and low-residue characteristics, but is significantly toxic to pollinating insects such as bees.
Application: Mainly used to control piercing-sucking mouthparts pests (such as aphids, planthoppers, and thrips), and is also effective against some pests of Coleoptera and Lepidoptera.
2. Pyrethroids
Representative ingredients: Deltamethrin (Diamethoxam), Cypermethrin (Xingmianbao), Cypermethrin (Sumeishading)
Features: Simulates the chemical structure of natural pyrethrins and paralyzes insects by destroying the sodium ion channels of the insect nervous system. It has contact and stomach poisoning effects, with a fast knockdown speed, but it is highly toxic to aquatic organisms.
Application: Widely used in the prevention and control of sanitary pests (mosquitoes and flies) and agricultural pests (cotton bollworm, diamondback moth).
3. Biological insecticides
Representative ingredients: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), insect viruses, plant extracts
Features: It specifically kills pests through microorganisms or natural plant toxins, which is environmentally friendly, but the effect is slow.
Application: Suitable for organic agriculture or green food production, such as the prevention and control of Lepidoptera larvae (Bt preparations).
4. Other synthetics
Benzoylureas: Such as avermectin + chlorantraniliprole, which are permeable and systemic, and are effective against Lepidoptera pests.
Pyrazole carboxamides: Such as methoxazole (BASF patented drug), which works by interfering with the hearing and movement ability of pests, and has significant activity against aphids and whiteflies.
Inorganic compounds: such as aluminum phosphide and boric acid, mostly used for storage or sanitary pest control.
Note: Pesticides with different ingredients need to be selected according to the target pests, and environmental safety and resistance management should be considered. For example, neonicotinoids are highly risky to bees, pyrethroids are prone to resistance, and biological pesticides need to be used preventively in advance.
